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  1. <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>xmllint</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.2"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="id2876302"></a><div class="titlepage"><div></div><div></div></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>xmllint &#8212; command line <span class="acronym">XML</span> tool</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt class="command">xmllint</tt>  [[--version] |  [--debug] |  [--shell] |  [--debugent] |  [--copy] |  [--recover] |  [--noent] |  [--noout] |  [--nonet] |  [--htmlout] |  [--nowrap] |  [--valid] |  [--postvalid] |  [--dtdvalid <i class="replaceable"><tt>URL</tt></i>] |  [--dtdvalidfpi <i class="replaceable"><tt>FPI</tt></i>] |  [--timing] |  [--output <i class="replaceable"><tt>file</tt></i>] |  [--repeat] |  [--insert] |  [--compress] |  [--html] |  [--xmlout] |  [--push] |  [--memory] |  [--maxmem <i class="replaceable"><tt>nbbytes</tt></i>] |  [--nowarning] |  [--noblanks] |  [--nocdata] |  [--format] |  [--encode <i class="replaceable"><tt>encoding</tt></i>] |  [--dropdtd] |  [--nsclean] |  [--testIO] |  [--catalogs] |  [--nocatalogs] |  [--auto] |  [--xinclude] |  [--noxincludenode] |  [--loaddtd] |  [--dtdattr] |  [--stream] |  [--walker] |  [--pattern <i class="replaceable"><tt>patternvalue</tt></i>] |  [--chkregister] |  [--relaxng] |  [--schema] |  [--c14n]] [<tt class="option"><i class="replaceable"><tt>xmlfile</tt></i></tt>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="introduction"></a><h2>Introduction</h2><p>
    2. 

  2.       The xmllint program parses one or more XML files, specified on the
    3. 

  3.       command line as <i class="replaceable"><tt>xmlfile</tt></i>. It prints various
    4. 

  4.       types of output, depending upon the options selected. It is useful for
    5. 

  5.       detecting errors both in <span class="acronym">XML</span> code and in the
    6. 

  6.       <span class="acronym">XML</span> parser itself.
    7. 

  7.     </p><p>
    8. 

  8.       It is included in <span class="application">libxml2</span>.
    9. 

  9.     </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="options"></a><h2>Options</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--version</tt></span></dt><dd>
    10. 

  10. 	    Display the version of
    11. 

  11. 	    <span class="application">libxml2</span> used.
    12. 

  12. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--debug</tt></span></dt><dd>
    13. 

  13. 	    Parse a file and output an annotated tree of the
    14. 

  14. 	    in-memory version of the document.
    15. 

  15. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--shell</tt></span></dt><dd>
    16. 

  16. 	    Run a navigating shell. Details on available commands in shell mode
    17. 

  17. 	    are below.
    18. 

  18. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--debugent</tt></span></dt><dd>
    19. 

  19. 	    Debug the entities defined in the document.
    20. 

  20. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--copy</tt> </span></dt><dd>
    21. 

  21. 	    Test the internal copy implementation.
    22. 

  22. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--recover</tt></span></dt><dd>
    23. 

  23. 	    Output any parsable portions of an invalid
    24. 

  24. 	    document.
    25. 

  25. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noent</tt></span></dt><dd>
    26. 

  26. 	    Substitute entity values for entity
    27. 

  27. 	    references. By default, <span class="application">xmllint</span> leaves entity
    28. 

  28. 	    references in place.
    29. 

  29. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nocdata</tt></span></dt><dd>
    30. 

  30. 	    Substitute CDATA section by equivalent text nodes.
    31. 

  31. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nsclean</tt></span></dt><dd>
    32. 

  32. 	    Remove redundant namespace declarations.
    33. 

  33. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noout</tt></span></dt><dd>
    34. 

  34. 	    Suppress output. By default,
    35. 

  35. 	    <span class="application">xmllint</span> outputs the result tree.
    36. 

  36. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--htmlout</tt></span></dt><dd>
    37. 

  37. 	    Output results as an <span class="acronym">HTML</span>
    38. 

  38. 	    file. This causes <span class="application">xmllint</span> to output
    39. 

  39. 	    the necessary <span class="acronym">HTML</span> tags surrounding the result tree
    40. 

  40. 	    output so the results can be displayed in a browser. 
    41. 

  41. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nowrap </tt></span></dt><dd>
    42. 

  42. 	    Do not output HTML doc wrapper.
    43. 

  43. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--valid </tt></span></dt><dd>
    44. 

  44. 	    Determine if the document is a valid instance
    45. 

  45. 	    of the included Document Type Definition (<span class="acronym">DTD</span>). A
    46. 

  46. 	    <span class="acronym">DTD</span> to be validated against also can be specified at
    47. 

  47. 	    the command line using the <tt class="option">--dtdvalid</tt> option. By default,
    48. 

  48. 	    <span class="application">xmllint</span> also checks to determine if the
    49. 

  49. 	    document is well-formed.
    50. 

  50. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--postvalid</tt></span></dt><dd>
    51. 

  51. 	    Validate after parsing is completed.
    52. 

  52. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"> <tt class="option">--dtdvalid</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>URL</tt></i></span></dt><dd>
    53. 

  53. 	    Use the
    54. 

  54.       <span class="acronym">DTD</span> specified by <i class="replaceable"><tt>URL</tt></i> for
    55. 

  55.       validation.
    56. 

  56. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"> <tt class="option">--dtdvalidfpi</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>FPI</tt></i></span></dt><dd>
    57. 

  57. 	    Use the
    58. 

  58.       <span class="acronym">DTD</span> specified by the Public Identifier
    59. 

  59.       <i class="replaceable"><tt>FPI</tt></i> for validation, note that this
    60. 

  60.       will require a Catalog exporting that Public Identifier to work.
    61. 

  61. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--timing</tt></span></dt><dd>
    62. 

  62. 	    Output information about the time it takes
    63. 

  63. 	    <span class="application">xmllint</span> to perform the various steps.
    64. 

  64. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--output</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>file</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Define a file path where xmllint will save the result of
    65. 

  65. 	  parsing. Usually the programs build a tree and save it on stdout, with
    66. 

  66. 	  this option the result XML instance will be saved onto a file.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--repeat</tt></span></dt><dd>
    67. 

  67. 	    Repeat 100 times, for timing or profiling.
    68. 

  68. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--insert</tt></span></dt><dd>
    69. 

  69. 	    Test for valid insertions.
    70. 

  70. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--compress</tt></span></dt><dd>
    71. 

  71. 	    Turn on gzip compression of output.
    72. 

  72. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--html</tt></span></dt><dd>
    73. 

  73. 	    Use the <span class="acronym">HTML</span> parser.
    74. 

  74. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--xmlout</tt></span></dt><dd>Used in conjunction with <tt class="option">--html</tt>. Usually
    75. 

  75.   when HTML is parsed the document is saved with the HTML serializer, but with
    76. 

  76.   this option the resulting document is saved with the XML serializer. This is
    77. 

  77.   primarily used to generate XHTML from HTML input.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--push</tt></span></dt><dd>
    78. 

  78. 	    Use the push mode of the parser.
    79. 

  79. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--memory</tt></span></dt><dd>
    80. 

  80. 	   Parse from memory.
    81. 

  81. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--maxmem</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>nnbytes</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Test the parser memory
    82. 

  82.   support. <i class="replaceable"><tt>nnbytes</tt></i> is the maximum number of bytes the
    83. 

  83.   library is allowed to allocate. This can also be used to make sure batch
    84. 

  84.   processing of XML files will not exhaust the virtual memory of the server
    85. 

  85.   running them.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nowarning</tt></span></dt><dd>
    86. 

  86. 	   Do not emit warnings from the parser and/or validator.
    87. 

  87. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noblanks</tt></span></dt><dd>
    88. 

  88. 	   Drop ignorable blank spaces.
    89. 

  89. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--format</tt></span></dt><dd>
    90. 

  90. 	   Reformat and reindent the output. The $XMLLINT_INDENT
    91. 

  91. 	   environment variable controls the indentation (default 
    92. 

  92. 	   value is two spaces "  ").
    93. 

  93. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--testIO</tt></span></dt><dd>
    94. 

  94. 	   Test user input/output support.
    95. 

  95. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--encode</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>encoding</tt></i></span></dt><dd>
    96. 

  96. 	   Output in the given encoding.
    97. 

  97. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--catalogs</tt></span></dt><dd>
    98. 

  98. 	   Use the catalogs from $SGML_CATALOG_FILES. Otherwise /etc/xml/catalog
    99. 

  99. 	   is used by default.
    100. 

  100. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nocatalogs</tt></span></dt><dd>
    101. 

  101. 	   Do not use any catalogs.
    102. 

  102. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--auto</tt></span></dt><dd>
    103. 

  103. 	   Generate a small document for testing purposes.
    104. 

  104. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--xinclude</tt></span></dt><dd>
    105. 

  105. 	   Do XInclude processing.
    106. 

  106. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noxincludenode</tt></span></dt><dd>
    107. 

  107. 	   Do XInclude processing but do not generate XInclude start and end
    108. 

  108. 	   nodes.
    109. 

  109. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--loaddtd</tt></span></dt><dd>
    110. 

  110. 	   Fetch external DTD.
    111. 

  111. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--dtdattr</tt></span></dt><dd>
    112. 

  112. 	   Fetch external DTD and populate the tree with inherited attributes.
    113. 

  113. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--dropdtd</tt></span></dt><dd>
    114. 

  114. 	    Remove <span class="acronym">DTD</span> from output.
    115. 

  115. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--stream</tt></span></dt><dd>Use streaming API - useful when  used  in combination with
    116. 

  116.               --relaxng or --valid options for validation of files that are
    117. 

  117. 	    too large to be held in memory.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--walker</tt></span></dt><dd>Test the walker module, which is a reader interface but for a
    118. 

  118.   document tree, instead of using the reader API on an unparsed document it
    119. 

  119.   works on a existing in-memory tree. Used in debugging.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--chkregister</tt></span></dt><dd>Turn on node registration. Useful for developers testing
    120. 

  120. 	  libxml2 node tracking code.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--pattern</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>patternvalue</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Used to exercise the pattern recognition engine, which can be
    121. 

  121. 	  used with the reader interface to the parser. It allows to select some
    122. 

  122. 	  nodes in the document based on an XPath (subset) expression. Used for
    123. 

  123. 	  debugging.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--relaxng</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Use RelaxNG file named <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i> for
    124. 

  124. 	  validation.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--schema</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Use a W3C XML Schema file named <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i> for validation.</dd><dt><span class="term">
    125. 

  125.       <tt class="option">--c14n</tt></span></dt><dd>Use the W3C XML Canonicalisation (C14N) to
    126. 

  126. serialize the result of parsing to stdout. It keeps comments in
    127. 

  127. the result.</dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="shell"></a><h2>Shell</h2><p>
    128. 

  128.       <span class="application">xmllint</span> offers an interactive shell mode
    129. 

  129.       invoked with the <tt class="option">--shell</tt> command. Available commands in
    130. 

  130.       shell mode include:
    131. 

  131.     </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">base</tt></span></dt><dd>
    132. 

  132. 	    display XML base of the node
    133. 

  133. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">bye</tt></span></dt><dd>
    134. 

  134. 	    leave shell
    135. 

  135. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">cat <i class="replaceable"><tt>node</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    136. 

  136. 	    Display node if given or current node.
    137. 

  137. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">cd <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    138. 

  138. 	    Change the current node to <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i> (if given
    139. 

  139. 	    and unique) or root if no argument given.
    140. 

  140. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">dir <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    141. 

  141. 	    Dumps information about the node (namespace, attributes, content).
    142. 

  142. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">du <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    143. 

  143. 	    Show the structure of the subtree under path or the current node.
    144. 

  144. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">exit</tt></span></dt><dd>
    145. 

  145. 	    Leave the shell.
    146. 

  146. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">help</tt></span></dt><dd>
    147. 

  147. 	    Show this help.
    148. 

  148. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">free</tt></span></dt><dd>
    149. 

  149. 	    Display memory usage.
    150. 

  150. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">load <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    151. 

  151. 	    Load a new document with the given name.
    152. 

  152. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">ls <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    153. 

  153. 	    List contents of <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i> (if given) or the
    154. 

  154. 	    current directory.
    155. 

  155. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">pwd</tt></span></dt><dd>
    156. 

  156. 	    Display the path to the current node.
    157. 

  157. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">quit</tt></span></dt><dd>
    158. 

  158. 	    Leave the shell.
    159. 

  159. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">save <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    160. 

  160. 	    Saves the current document to <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i> if
    161. 

  161. 	    given or to the original name.
    162. 

  162. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">validate</tt></span></dt><dd>
    163. 

  163. 	    Check the document for error.
    164. 

  164. 	  </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">write <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd>
    165. 

  165. 	    Write the current node to the given filename.
    166. 

  166. 	  </dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>Catalogs</h2><p>Catalog behavior can be changed by redirecting
    167. 

  167.      queries to the user's own set of catalogs. This can be done by setting the
    168. 

  168.      <tt class="varname">XML_CATALOG_FILES</tt> environment variable to a list of
    169. 

  169.      catalogs. An empty one should deactivate loading the default
    170. 

  170.       <tt class="filename">/etc/xml/catalog</tt> default catalog.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>Debugging Catalogs</h2><p>Setting the environment variable <tt class="varname">XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</tt>
    171. 

  171.     using the command <b class="command">"export XML_DEBUG_CATALOG="</b>
    172. 

  172.     outputs debugging information related to catalog operations.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>Error Return Codes</h2><p>On the completion of execution, <span class="application">Xmllint</span>
    173. 

  173.     returns the following error codes:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">0</span></dt><dd>No error</dd><dt><span class="term">1</span></dt><dd>Unclassified</dd><dt><span class="term">2</span></dt><dd>Error in DTD</dd><dt><span class="term">3</span></dt><dd>Validation error</dd><dt><span class="term">4</span></dt><dd>Validation error</dd><dt><span class="term">5</span></dt><dd>Error in schema compilation</dd><dt><span class="term">6</span></dt><dd>Error writing output</dd><dt><span class="term">7</span></dt><dd>Error in pattern (generated when
    174. 

  174. 	  [<span class="optional">--pattern</span>] option is used)</dd><dt><span class="term">8</span></dt><dd>Error in Reader registration (generated when
    175. 

  175. 	  [<span class="optional">--chkregister</span>] option is used)</dd><dt><span class="term">9</span></dt><dd>Out of memory error</dd></dl></div></div></div></body></html>
    176.