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  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
    2. 

  2. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
    3. 

  3. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /><link rel="SHORTCUT ICON" href="/favicon.ico" /><style type="text/css">
    4. 

  4. TD {font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica}
    5. 

  5. BODY {font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; margin-top: 2em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em}
    6. 

  6. H1 {font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica}
    7. 

  7. H2 {font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica}
    8. 

  8. H3 {font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica}
    9. 

  9. A:link, A:visited, A:active { text-decoration: underline }
    10. 

  10. </style><title>The tree output</title></head><body bgcolor="#8b7765" text="#000000" link="#a06060" vlink="#000000"><table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"><tr><td width="120"><a href="http://swpat.ffii.org/"><img src="epatents.png" alt="Action against software patents" /></a></td><td width="180"><a href="http://www.gnome.org/"><img src="gnome2.png" alt="Gnome2 Logo" /></a><a href="http://www.w3.org/Status"><img src="w3c.png" alt="W3C Logo" /></a><a href="http://www.redhat.com/"><img src="redhat.gif" alt="Red Hat Logo" /></a><div align="left"><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/"><img src="Libxml2-Logo-180x168.gif" alt="Made with Libxml2 Logo" /></a></div></td><td><table border="0" width="90%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" bgcolor="#000000"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" bgcolor="#fffacd"><tr><td align="center"><h1>The XML C parser and toolkit of Gnome</h1><h2>The tree output</h2></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" align="center"><tr><td bgcolor="#8b7765"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td valign="top" width="200" bgcolor="#8b7765"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#000000"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><td colspan="1" bgcolor="#eecfa1" align="center"><center><b>Developer Menu</b></center></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"><form action="search.php" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" method="get"><input name="query" type="text" size="20" value="" /><input name="submit" type="submit" value="Search ..." /></form><ul><li><a href="index.html" style="font-weight:bold">Main Menu</a></li><li><a href="html/index.html" style="font-weight:bold">Reference Manual</a></li><li><a href="examples/index.html" style="font-weight:bold">Code Examples</a></li><li><a href="guidelines.html">XML Guidelines</a></li><li><a href="tutorial/index.html">Tutorial</a></li><li><a href="xmlreader.html">The Reader Interface</a></li><li><a href="ChangeLog.html">ChangeLog</a></li><li><a href="XSLT.html">XSLT</a></li><li><a href="python.html">Python and bindings</a></li><li><a href="architecture.html">libxml2 architecture</a></li><li><a href="tree.html">The tree output</a></li><li><a href="interface.html">The SAX interface</a></li><li><a href="xmlmem.html">Memory Management</a></li><li><a href="xmlio.html">I/O Interfaces</a></li><li><a href="library.html">The parser interfaces</a></li><li><a href="entities.html">Entities or no entities</a></li><li><a href="namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></li><li><a href="upgrade.html">Upgrading 1.x code</a></li><li><a href="threads.html">Thread safety</a></li><li><a href="DOM.html">DOM Principles</a></li><li><a href="example.html">A real example</a></li><li><a href="xml.html">flat page</a>, <a href="site.xsl">stylesheet</a></li></ul></td></tr></table><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><td colspan="1" bgcolor="#eecfa1" align="center"><center><b>API Indexes</b></center></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"><ul><li><a href="APIchunk0.html">Alphabetic</a></li><li><a href="APIconstructors.html">Constructors</a></li><li><a href="APIfunctions.html">Functions/Types</a></li><li><a href="APIfiles.html">Modules</a></li><li><a href="APIsymbols.html">Symbols</a></li></ul></td></tr></table><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><td colspan="1" bgcolor="#eecfa1" align="center"><center><b>Related links</b></center></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"><ul><li><a href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">Mail archive</a></li><li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/">XSLT libxslt</a></li><li><a href="http://phd.cs.unibo.it/gdome2/">DOM gdome2</a></li><li><a href="http://www.aleksey.com/xmlsec/">XML-DSig xmlsec</a></li><li><a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/">FTP</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zlatkovic.com/projects/libxml/">Windows binaries</a></li><li><a href="http://opencsw.org/packages/libxml2">Solaris binaries</a></li><li><a href="http://www.explain.com.au/oss/libxml2xslt.html">MacOsX binaries</a></li><li><a href="http://codespeak.net/lxml/">lxml Python bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://cpan.uwinnipeg.ca/dist/XML-LibXML">Perl bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://libxmlplusplus.sourceforge.net/">C++ bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zend.com/php5/articles/php5-xmlphp.php#Heading4">PHP bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libxml2-pas/">Pascal bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://libxml.rubyforge.org/">Ruby bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://tclxml.sourceforge.net/">Tcl bindings</a></li><li><a href="http://bugzilla.gnome.org/buglist.cgi?product=libxml2">Bug Tracker</a></li></ul></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td><td valign="top" bgcolor="#8b7765"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%"><tr><td><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#000000"><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"><p>The parser returns a tree built during the document analysis. The value
    11. 

  11. returned is an <strong>xmlDocPtr</strong> (i.e., a pointer to an
    12. 

  12. <strong>xmlDoc</strong> structure). This structure contains information such
    13. 

  13. as the file name, the document type, and a <strong>children</strong> pointer
    14. 

  14. which is the root of the document (or more exactly the first child under the
    15. 

  15. root which is the document). The tree is made of <strong>xmlNode</strong>s,
    16. 

  16. chained in double-linked lists of siblings and with a children&lt;-&gt;parent
    17. 

  17. relationship. An xmlNode can also carry properties (a chain of xmlAttr
    18. 

  18. structures). An attribute may have a value which is a list of TEXT or
    19. 

  19. ENTITY_REF nodes.</p><p>Here is an example (erroneous with respect to the XML spec since there
    20. 

  20. should be only one ELEMENT under the root):</p><p><img src="structure.gif" alt=" structure.gif " /></p><p>In the source package there is a small program (not installed by default)
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  21. called <strong>xmllint</strong> which parses XML files given as argument and
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  22. prints them back as parsed. This is useful for detecting errors both in XML
    23. 

  23. code and in the XML parser itself. It has an option <strong>--debug</strong>
    24. 

  24. which prints the actual in-memory structure of the document; here is the
    25. 

  25. result with the <a href="#example">example</a> given before:</p><pre>DOCUMENT
    26. 

  26. version=1.0
    27. 

  27. standalone=true
    28. 

  28.   ELEMENT EXAMPLE
    29. 

  29.     ATTRIBUTE prop1
    30. 

  30.       TEXT
    31. 

  31.       content=gnome is great
    32. 

  32.     ATTRIBUTE prop2
    33. 

  33.       ENTITY_REF
    34. 

  34.       TEXT
    35. 

  35.       content= linux too 
    36. 

  36.     ELEMENT head
    37. 

  37.       ELEMENT title
    38. 

  38.         TEXT
    39. 

  39.         content=Welcome to Gnome
    40. 

  40.     ELEMENT chapter
    41. 

  41.       ELEMENT title
    42. 

  42.         TEXT
    43. 

  43.         content=The Linux adventure
    44. 

  44.       ELEMENT p
    45. 

  45.         TEXT
    46. 

  46.         content=bla bla bla ...
    47. 

  47.       ELEMENT image
    48. 

  48.         ATTRIBUTE href
    49. 

  49.           TEXT
    50. 

  50.           content=linus.gif
    51. 

  51.       ELEMENT p
    52. 

  52.         TEXT
    53. 

  53.         content=...</pre><p>This should be useful for learning the internal representation model.</p><p><a href="bugs.html">Daniel Veillard</a></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></body></html>
    54.